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Knee Pain
There are many different conditions affecting the knee joint including:

Arthritis
Weakness
Anterior knee pain
Posterior knee pain
Lateral Knee Pain
Medial Knee Pain
Swollen knee
Clicking / locking knee
‘Giving way’
Traumatic Knee Injury
Dash board injury
Knee surgery

Arthritis
There are numerous types of arthritis. Osteoarthritis is by far the most common, often described as general ‘wear and tear’ of a joint.

  • Osteoarthritis (OA)
  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
  • Reactive arthritis
  • Septic arthritis


Weakness
Knee weakness is commonly seen in patients with arthritic and post operative knees. Many arthritic patients with weakness have difficulty standing from a chair or sofa and struggle whilst negotiating the stairs. An individual graduated strengthening programme is required and written for each individual patient.

Anterior Knee Pain
Anterior knee pain presents over the front of the knee. There are many causes of anterior knee pain:
  • Patellofemoral instability
  • Fat pad irritation / impingement
  • Patellar tendinopathy
  • Synovial plica
  • Osgood-Schlatter lesion
  • Sinding-Larsen-Johansson lesion
  • Quadriceps tendinopathy
  • Bursitis


Posterior Knee Pain
Posterior knee pain presents at the back of the knee. This seen less commonly than anterior knee pain but also has a number of potential causes:
  • Hamstring tendinopathy
  • Knee joint effusion
  • Referred pain from patellofemoral instability, the lumbar spine or neural tension
  • Polpiteus tendinopathy
  • Baker’s cyst
  • Gastrocnemius (calf muscle) tendinopathy
  • Deep venous thrombosis (DVT)
  • Claudication
  • Posterior cruciate ligament sprain
Lateral Knee Pain
Lateral knee pain presents on the outside surface of the knee joint. It can be caused by:
  • Lateral meniscus abnormality
  • Osteoarthritis of the lateral compartment of the knee
  • Excessive lateral pressure syndrome
  • Hamstring tendinopathy
  • Superior tibiofibular joint injury
  • Referred pain from the lumbar spine
Medial Knee Pain
Medial knee pain presents on the inside surface of the knee and can be caused by:
  • Patellofemoral syndrome
  • Medial meniscus abnormality
  • Osteoarthritis of the medial compartment of the knee
  • Pes anserinus tendinopathy / bursitis
  • Pellegrini-Stieda syndrome
  • 'Breaststroker’s knee'
Swollen Knee
The degree and onset of swelling is an important clue used in diagnosing a knee injury.

Clicking / Locking Knee
This is often seen in meniscal injuries or if a loose body is present within the knee joint. If the knee locks in a bent position the injury is likely to be of meniscal origin. A knee that locks in a straight position is more likely to be caused by patellofemoral pain and injury.

'Giving Way'
‘Giving way’ can occur in unstable knees such as those with anterior cruciate ligament ruptures. It can also occur in conjunction with meniscal (cartilage) tears, patellofemoral pain or severe knee pain. Patients with recurrent patellar dislocations or loose bodies within the joint may also get sensations of the knee giving way. Knees that only give way on stairs / steps usually points to quadriceps weakness.

Traumatic Knee Injury
Acute knee injuries can cause considerable discomfort and potentially long periods off work / sporting activities. Injury can be caused by direct trauma or twisting movements. Common traumatic injuries seen by Manchester Physio are:
  • Patellofemoral syndrome
  • Meniscal (cartilage) injury
  • Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears
  • Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tears
  • Medial collateral ligament injury
  • Lateral collateral ligament injury
  • Patellar fracture
  • Patellar dislocation
  • Patellar tendon rupture
  • Bursal haemotoma
  • Fat pad impingement
  • Tibial plateau fracture
  • Superior tibiofibular joint injury
  • Ruptured hamstring tendon
  • Coronary ligament sprain
Dash board injury
Knee injuries are common in road traffic accidents. Ligamentous injury and / or bone bruising can occur, especially with front seat passengers, if the knee/s impacts into the dash board.

Knee surgery
Some clients require orthopaedic surgery following a knee injury. Rehabilitation must commence from the time of injury, not surgery, as this may be months later. Pre-operative physiotherapy starts with acute injury management and progresses to improving strength and range of movement to allow accelerated post operative recovery.

 Treatments:
 Massage
 Manipulation
 Pilates
 Personal Exercise Programmes
 Related Conditions:
 Knee Trauma Opperation
 Sports Injury
 Shin Pain
 Arthritis
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Using a variety of techniques a Physiotherapist can help:
 Alleviate pain
 Restore and increase the range of motion in joints
 Prevent and treat sports injuries
 Increase co-ordination
 Educate patients in the use of walking aids and wheelchairs
 Improve balance
 Conditions
 AC Joint Pain
 Achillies Pain
 Achillies Tendonitis
 Acute Low Back Pain
 Ankle Injury
 Arthritis Pain
 Back Pain
 Back Strain
 Buttock Pain
 Calf Pain
 Calf Strain
 Compartment Syndrome
 Disc Prolapse
 Elbow & Forearm Pain
 Facet Joint Pain
 Foot Pain
 Footballers Ankle
 Fractured Clavicle
 Fractured Ribs
 Frozen Shoulder
 Golfers Elbow
 Groin Pain
 Headaches
 Heel Pain
 Knee Trauma Opperation
 Knee Pain
 Ligament Injuries
 Low Back Pain
 Lumbago
 Neck Pain
 Neck - Broken
 Neck - Stiff
 Pre & Post Op Rehab
 Piriformis
 Quad Pain
 Rotator Cuff
 Repetitive Strain Injuries
 Road Traffic Accidents
 Scoliosis
 Shin Pain
 Shin Splints
 Shoulder Dislocation
 Shoulder Impingement
 Shoulder Pain
 Sarco Iliac Joint Pain
 Sciatica
 Slip Disc
 Spondylolisthesis
 Spondylolysis
 Sports Injuries
 Sterno Clavicular
 Strokes
 Surgery - Pre & Post
 Tennis Elbow
 Thoracic & Chest Pain
 TMJ
 Whiplash
 Wrist & Hand Pain
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